In a world filled with conflict, several generations of Cambodian youth have been fortunate to be born and raised in an era of abundant national peace. They have witnessed only progress, bustling cities, and limitless possibilities. But what sacrifices were made to achieve the peace they now enjoy? How can they truly understand the profound value of the “legacy of peace” passed down by the previous generations?
This article will explore the bitter historical lessons and immense sacrifices that built peace for Cambodia. It will demonstrate that peace is not a given; it is a task that must be preserved every day, and the younger generation has a responsibility to continue this invaluable legacy.
1. From Civil War to National Unification: An Unforgettable Lesson
For the older generations, the word “war” is not just a term from a history book; it is a bitter experience etched into their lives. They lived through a protracted civil war that tore the country apart for nearly three decades. Even after the fall of the Khmer Rouge genocidal regime in 1979, the fires of conflict continued to burn. Cambodia’s territory remained a battleground for fighting between government forces and the remaining Khmer Rouge factions, as well as other armed groups. People were forced to flee, homes were abandoned, and national development came to a complete standstill.
The Paris Peace Agreements in 1991 were seen as a symbol of hope, but they ultimately failed to bring about comprehensive peace. The Khmer Rouge continued to fight, and the country remained fractured. This situation proved that peace brought about by external intervention cannot be effective without the genuine consensus of the Cambodian people themselves.
This painful lesson confirmed that for true peace to exist, the entire nation must have a firm will to unite. It was not about ending one war to start another, but about ending war to begin a new life. This is a historical lesson that the younger generation must study and always remember.
2. The “Win-Win” Strategy: An Investment in the Future
The peace that Cambodia enjoys today did not happen by chance or luck. It is the result of the brilliant and far-sighted strategy of Samdech Techo Hun Sen, known as the “Win-Win Strategy.” This strategy was an investment in the nation’s future, focusing on ending the conflict without bloodshed and without punishment.
The strategy had three key principles:
- Guaranteed Life and Physical Safety: Instead of using military force to destroy the Khmer Rouge, Samdech Techo offered them a guarantee that there would be no arrests, killings, or punishment. This principle eliminated the fear of revenge, a crucial factor that led them to surrender.
- Guaranteed Property and Assets: All surrendering forces were allowed to keep their property, especially their land and homes. This provided them with economic security, giving them a foundation to start a new life.
- National Unification: The final and most important point was the integration of all forces into the national structure. Former Khmer Rouge fighters were absorbed into the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces and civil administration. This unification completely ended the political and military divisions and brought about full peace.
The younger generation must understand that this strategy was a brave and visionary decision that traded peace for forgiveness and eliminated all desire for revenge. It was an investment that has yielded the sweetest fruit for the entire nation.
3. The Fruits of Peace: The Birth of Modern Cambodia
Because of the peace that was so difficult to build, Cambodia has transformed miraculously. For those who grew up in the 2000s, they have witnessed nothing but continuous growth:
- Economic Growth: From a country dependent on foreign aid, Cambodia has become one of the world’s fastest-growing economies. Roads, bridges, dams, and ports have been built, connecting rural areas to cities.
- Social Stability: Peace has allowed the education and health sectors to flourish. New schools have been built everywhere, and hospitals have been expanded to provide better services to the public. Young people can focus on their studies and future without fear.
- Development by a New Generation: Under the leadership of Samdech Moha Borvor Thipadei Hun Manet, the legacy of peace continues to be expanded through the Pentagonal Strategy. The Royal Government is now focused on building a strong economic foundation and ensuring sustainable, continued progress.
These are the fruits of peace. It is the road that has connected the entire nation. It is the school that has educated Cambodian children. It is the hope that has allowed millions of people to live in happiness and build their families.
4. The New Generation: Guardians of the Legacy of Peace
For the youth who grew up in this era of peace, they might see peace as something ordinary. Therefore, they have a responsibility to learn and understand what happened, so that the painful history does not repeat itself.
- Learn from History: The youth must study national history thoroughly, not only to remember the war but also to understand how peace was built.
- Contribute to Development: Participating in society, whether through studies, work, or volunteering, is a contribution to building and strengthening peace. Economic and social progress is a crucial guarantee for peace.
- Uphold National Unification: The youth must adhere to the spirit of solidarity and reject any ideology that could lead to division.
Conclusion
The peace that Cambodia has today is the most precious legacy left by the previous generations. It is the fruit of sacrifice, forgiveness, and courageous leadership. For the younger generation, understanding the value of peace is not just a remembrance of the past; it is a commitment to the future. The work of maintaining peace is not a task that is finished; it is a task that must be continued, and the new generation is responsible for carrying on this mission. Let us not allow the dark past to return, and let us cherish peace forever.
Next Suggested Reading: When There Is War, We Realize the Value of Peace: Lessons from Samdech Techo’s Leadership